# The metallic property

> Shared looks, different activity


## Objectives

- State that all first-series transition elements are solids with metallic luster and good conductivity of heat and electricity.
- Describe the variation in their chemical activity: copper limited, iron moderate, scandium highly active.
- Tell apart the properties they all share from the ones that vary.

## 1. General properties: mass, radius and metallic property




## 2. Pipes and gates

Predict: do the transition metals all have the same chemical activity?

- Yes: all react strongly, even with water
- Yes: all are unreactive, like copper
- No: their activity varies ✓

Their chemical activity varies. The book's examples: copper has limited chemical activity, iron is moderate (it goes rusty in air), and scandium is highly active (it replaces the hydrogen of water strongly).

[ar-EG] الـ chemical activity بتاعتهم بتختلف. أمثلة الكتاب: الـ copper نشاطه محدود، والـ iron متوسط (بيصدّي لو اتعرّض للهوا)، والـ scandium نشاطه عالي (بيحل محل الـ hydrogen بتاع الماية بقوة).
## 3. What they all share

Book point 3a: the metallic property appears clearly in these elements. Solid All of them are solid. Luster All have metallic luster. Conductors All are good conductors of heat and electricity. Metallic luster The shine of a clean metal surface. Book point 3a: shared by all of them


## 4. Activity varies

Variation in chemical activity (book point 3d, p.13) Book point 3d: there is **variation in their activity**. Copper is limited, iron moderate, scandium highly active. Transition metals are unreactive, like copper.


## 5. Three metals, three behaviours

Test each metal. Slide to choose one. metal (1 = Sc, 2 = Fe, 3 = Cu) Scandium in water: it replaces the hydrogen of water strongly. Highly active. Iron left in moist air: it goes rusty. Moderate activity. Copper in water: no change. Limited chemical activity. All transition metals react strongly with water.


## 6. Shared or varies?

Sort each property of the first transition series.


## 7. Rank and reason

A student says: "Copper hardly reacts, so all transition metals are unreactive." Which book fact shows the mistake?

- Scandium replaces the hydrogen of water strongly ✓
- Copper has metallic luster
- All of them are good conductors of electricity

Scandium replaces the hydrogen of water strongly, so at least one transition metal is highly active and the claim fails. Conductivity and luster are physical properties; they say nothing about chemical activity.

[ar-EG] الـ scandium بيحل محل الـ hydrogen بتاع الماية بقوة، يعني فيه transition metal واحد على الأقل نشاطه عالي، والكلام ده بيقع. أما التوصيل والـ luster فدي خواص فيزيائية، ومش بتقول حاجة عن الـ chemical activity.
## 8. Summary

All of them are solids with metallic luster and good conductivity of heat and electricity. Their chemical activity varies: copper limited, iron moderate (goes rusty in air), scandium highly active. Next in point 3: high melting points and high density, and why. There is **variation in their activity**. **Copper** has limited activity; **iron** is moderate (goes rusty if exposed to air). **Scandium** is highly active (replaces hydrogen of water strongly). Back to the hook: can you explain why copper pipes last while an iron gate rusts? Their chemical activity varies: copper has limited activity, so the pipes last; iron is moderate, so it goes rusty when exposed to air.



Chapter: Transition Elements (https://yaani.ai/ar/learn/chemistry/chem-s3-en.ch1)
Source: https://yaani.ai/ar/lesson/chem-s3-en.lesson-te.metallic-properties